The Nasca Aqueducts are a very impressive work of hydrological engineering from the pre-Columbian Nazca culture.  The Cantalloc Aqueducts are the best preserved of these, just outside the city of Nazca.  The Nazca culture flourished between about 200 and 700 A.D., and these aqueducts are generally dated to around 300 A.D.  Several of them still have water flowing through them and are useful today.   A large part of the extensive network of water channels (many kilometers) is/was underground, which makes the work even more impressive to me, that the ancient Nazca were able to build and maintain these.  At Cantalloc, the most visually striking element are the broad spiral access points. These stone-lined spiral wells provided ventilation needed to keep the water flowing as well as access points  for water collection.  I was told there were 14 of the spirals at the Cantalloc site remaining, although access to some of them was restricted during my visit.  Not a big deal as they are mostly all the same. 

The OUV of this site was apparent to me, demonstrating the ingenuity of this ancient culture to master the handling of precious water in the desert.

What you'll see at the site

We started off at the open irrigation channel that's at the end of the aqueducts. It's a nice stone lined ditch with some shade trees, nothing special on its own. Then, as you walk upstream, you come across the spiral access points.   There are several in a row, then the split into a Y, with the two arms having more spirals along them.  Each spiral is maybe roughly 10 meters in diameter, and about 2-3 meters deep.  You can walk down into them (along the spiral path), and touch the water of the underground aqueduct flowing below.

While you're in the area

Of course, the Nazca lines are the most famous draw. But besides them, I also very much enjoyed my visit to the Cahuachi Pyramids, about a half hour drive out of Nazca city.  Cahuachi was an ancient ceremonial/religious center for the broad Nazca culture. The grand adobe buildings there are still being actively investigated.  I could see a broader inscriptions for sites of the Nazca culture including the aqueducts and the pyramids.  But I think these aqueducts are unique enough to stand on their own, also.

 

From the Cantalloc Aqueducts site,  you can see a very impressive cat figure etched onto a nearby mountainside (see photo), thought to be from the Paracas culture from its style. The Paracas culture came before the Nazca.