Destroyed during invasion

Connected Sites: 62

WHS (or significant parts thereof) that were destroyed or severely damaged during invasion. This excludes wars since 1914 as they already have their own Connection.

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Connected Sites

Summer Palace
Inscribed: 1998
3.92
420
9
Lord Elgin 1860
Persepolis
Inscribed: 1979
4.37
131
3
Alexander The Great 330bc
Kunya-Urgench
Kunya-Urgench
Turkmenistan
Inscribed: 2005
2.56
56
4
Genghis Khan 1221
Old City of Jerusalem
Inscribed: 1981
4.37
369
12
By The Roman Army (70 A.D.)
Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya
Thailand
Inscribed: 1991
3.60
392
15
By Burmese Army In 1767
Changdeokgung Palace Complex
Inscribed: 1997
3.15
283
7
Korea's Changdeokgung And Jongmyo Shrine By Japanese Invasion In 1592
Jongmyo Shrine
Jongmyo Shrine
Republic of Korea
Inscribed: 1995
2.56
224
11
By Japanese Invasion In 1592
Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
Inscribed: 2008
2.18
353
14
Russian Attack On Berlin In 1945
Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura
Sri Lanka
Inscribed: 1982
3.37
173
7
Chola Invasion In 1017
Polonnaruva
Polonnaruva
Sri Lanka
Inscribed: 1982
3.37
185
6
Kalinga Invasion In 1214
Carthage
Carthage
Tunisia
Inscribed: 1979
3.16
217
6
Third Punic War In 146 Bc
Angkor
Angkor
Cambodia
Inscribed: 1992
4.71
492
30
Thai Invasion In 1431
Colonia del Sacramento
Inscribed: 1995
2.69
182
12
By Spain In 1704/5
Kernavė
Kernavė
Lithuania
Inscribed: 2004
2.28
170
8
Destroyed By The Teutonic Order In The Late 14th Century
Grand Place, Brussels
Inscribed: 1998
3.50
754
20
"On August 13, 1695, A 70,000-Strong French Army Under Marshal Fran?Ois De Neufville, Duke Of Villeroy Began A Bombardment Of Brussels In An Effort To Draw The League Of Augsburg's Forces Away From Their Siege On French-Held Namur In What Is Now Southern Belgium. The French Launched A Massive Bombardment Of The Mostly Defenseless City Centre With Cannons And Mortars, Setting It On Fire And Flattening The Majority Of The Grand Place And The Surrounding City. Only The Stone Shell Of The Town Hall And A Few Fragments Of Other Buildings Remained Standing. That The Town Hall Survived At All Is Ironic, As It Was The Principal Target Of The Artillery Fire."
Curonian Spit
Curonian Spit
Lithuania, Russia
Inscribed: 2000
3.28
189
7
Kaup Was Destroyed By The Crusades
Costiera Amalfitana
Inscribed: 1997
3.93
359
7
Scala Was Destroyed By The Pisans In The 12th Century.
Minaret of Jam
Minaret of Jam
Afghanistan
Inscribed: 2002
3.91
9
1
The City Of Firuzkuh Where It Was Located Was Apparently Destroyed By The Mongols
Hatra
Hatra
Iraq
Inscribed: 1985
3.40
21
5
Destroyed By The Sassanids In 241
Ashur
Ashur
Iraq
Inscribed: 2003
2.86
20
2
Destroyed By The Medes In 614 Bc
Ancient Merv
Ancient Merv
Turkmenistan
Inscribed: 1999
2.83
47
5
Destroyed By The Mongols In 1221
Shakhrisyabz
Shakhrisyabz
Uzbekistan
Inscribed: 2000
2.62
116
6
Destroyed By The Emir Of Bukhara In The 16th Century
Berat and Gjirokastra
Inscribed: 2005
3.55
216
7
Berat: Sacked And Burned By The Romans
Biblical Tells
Inscribed: 2005
3.01
127
10
Megiddo, Hatzor
Royal Palaces of Abomey
Inscribed: 1985
2.72
42
2
Abomey - Destroyed During The French Invasion In 1892
Ibiza
Ibiza
Spain
Inscribed: 1999
2.75
163
5
By Vandals, 5th Century
Rila Monastery
Inscribed: 1983
3.56
263
9
Destroyed By The Ottomans In The Middle Of The 15th Century
Santa Ana de los Rios de Cuenca
Inscribed: 1999
2.95
104
5
In Late 1531 Or Early 1532, Atahualpa And His Generals Forced The City Tumebamba To Surrender And Had It Destroyed. Tumebamba Is The Inca City That Was On The Present Site Of Cuenca, Ecuador
Røros
Røros
Norway
Inscribed: 1980
3.02
106
5
Røros Was Burned To The Ground In 1678 And 1679 By The Swedish Army During The Scanian War.
Luang Prabang
Inscribed: 1995
3.63
252
5
Black Haw Invasion In 1887 Destroyed Most Of Temples And Palaces
Khami Ruins
Khami Ruins
Zimbabwe
Inscribed: 1986
2.80
29
3
1683
Troy
Troy
Turkiye
Inscribed: 1998
2.83
174
8
Trojan War
Speyer Cathedral
Inscribed: 1981
2.95
312
13
Speyer Cathedral During The Nine Years' War (Palatinate War Of Succession 1688?97) By French Troops
El Fuerte de Samaipata
Inscribed: 1998
2.91
52
7
Wiki: "Guarani Warriors Conquered The Plains And Valleys Of Santa Cruz And Destroyed Samaipata."
Ferrara
Ferrara
Italy
Inscribed: 1995
3.20
278
10
Comacchio Was Destroyed By The Venetians In 854
Quebrada de Humahuaca
Inscribed: 2003
3.15
78
5
The Pucara At Tilcara Was Destroyed By The Spaniards And Its Inhabitants Exiled.
Great Smoky Mountains
Great Smoky Mountains
United States of America
Inscribed: 1983
3.36
237
11
Oconaluftee, The Cherokee Capital Within The Park Area Was Probably Destroyed In 1776 By The Army Of General Griffith Rutherford During The American Revolution.
Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad
Inscribed: 1980
2.17
25
3
Destroyed By The Almohads In 1152.
Turaif Quarter
Turaif Quarter
Saudi Arabia
Inscribed: 2010
2.29
70
6
From Wiki "....Led To The Ottoman-Saudi War Of 1811?1818 And An Invasion Of Arabia By Ottoman And Egyptian Forces Brought The Saudi State To An End In 1818, With Diriyah Capitulating After A Nearly-Year-Long Siege. The Leader Of The Invading Force, Ibrahim Pasha, Ordered The Destruction Of Diriyah. However, When A Member Of The Local Nobility Tried To Revive The Wahhabi State In Diriyah, Ibrahim Ordered His Troops To Destroy The Town Even Further And Set Whatever Was Left Of It On Fire. When The Saudis Revived Their Fortunes In 1824 And Again In 1902, They Made Their Capital Further South In Riyadh, Which Remained Their Capital Ever Since.
Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple
Inscribed: 1995
3.32
166
10
"During The Imjin Wars, The Wooden Buildings Were Burned To The Ground. After 1604, Reconstruction And Expansion Of Bulguksa Started." -Wiki
Palenque
Palenque
Mexico
Inscribed: 1987
4.10
192
7
Towards The End Of The 12th Century By Coastal Peoples
Hwaseong Fortress
Hwaseong Fortress
Republic of Korea
Inscribed: 1997
2.94
184
19
North Korean Invasion Of South Korea In 1950. "Considerable Damage Was Caused To Some Parts Of The Fortress During The Korean War. The Changanmun And Ch'angyongmun Gates Were Completely Destroyed, And Sections Of The Walls Were Demolished." - Ab Document
Gyeongju
Gyeongju
Republic of Korea
Inscribed: 2000
3.29
177
14
"Hwangnyongsa - This Group Consists Of Two Ruined Temples, Hwangnyongsa And Punhwangsa. Hwangnyongsa, Built To The Order Of King Chinhung (540-76) Was The Largest Temple Ever Built In Korea, Covering Some 72,500m2. An 80m High Nine-Storey Pagoda Was Added In 645. The Entire Complex Was Destroyed By Mongol Invaders In 1238." - Ab Document
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
Inscribed: 1992
3.35
99
6
Bogolyubovo By Mongols During The 1230'S
Koguryo Kingdom
Inscribed: 2004
2.91
34
2
"Koguryo Directly Bordered The Kingdom Of Wei, With Which It Often Conflicted. General Wu Qi~Ujian Of Wei Attacked Koguryo. The Construction Of Palaces Of Wandu Mountain City Was Damaged. King Dongchuanwang Moved The Capital To Guonei City (209ad) And Started The First Round Of Construction Of The City." - Nomination File
Kaesong
Kaesong
Korea (DPR)
Inscribed: 2013
2.32
44
2
"Koryo Songgyungwan Was Burnt Down By Japanese Invaders In 1592; Rebuilt Over Nine Years From 1602." - Nomination File
Al Zubarah
Inscribed: 2013
1.76
84
6
The Attack On Zubarah In 1811 Was Followed By A Short Period Of Abandonment.
Baekje Historic Areas
Baekje Historic Areas
Republic of Korea
Inscribed: 2015
2.42
83
8
Mireuksa Temple, “The Findings Indicated That The Temple Was Established In The Early 7th Century During The Reign Of King Mu And Was Demolished Around The Time Of The Japanese Invasion Of Korea In 1592.” - Nomination File
Susa
Susa
Iran
Inscribed: 2015
2.40
41
4
In 1218, The City Was Razed By Invading Mongols (Wiki)
Ani
Ani
Turkiye
Inscribed: 2016
3.48
59
6
The Mongols Unsuccessfully Besieged Ani In 1226, But In 1236 They Captured And Sacked The City, Massacring Large Numbers Of Its Population (Wiki)
Mbanza Kongo
Inscribed: 2017
3.48
2
0
By The Portuguese In 1665
Hedeby and Danevirke
Inscribed: 2018
2.22
142
6
Hedeby Was Destroyed By The Slavs In 1066.
Babylon
Inscribed: 2019
3.13
35
3
Babylon Was Severely Damaged During The 2003 Invasion Of Iraq And The Occupation By Military Units Of The Coalition Forces: "The Use Of Babylon As A Military Base Was A Grave Encroachment On This Internationally Known Archeological Site".
See Web.Archive.Org
Stari Ras and Sopocani
Inscribed: 1979
2.76
100
6
During One Of The Raids, In 1689, The Ottoman Turks Set Fire To The Monastery And Carried Off The Lead From The Church Roof. The Brotherhood Escaped And The Monastery Remained Deserted For Over Two Hundred Years, Until The 20th Century. The Church Slowly Decayed: Its Vaults Caved In, Its Dome Fell Down, And The Remains Of The Surrounding Buildings Were Covered With Rubble And Earth.
See En.Wikipedia.Org
Timgad
Timgad
Algeria
Inscribed: 1982
3.37
42
4
After The Vandal Invasion Of 430, Timgad Was Destroyed At The End Of The 5th Century By Montagnards Of The Aurès. The Byzantine Reconquest Revived Some Activities In The City (...). The Arab Invasion Brought About The Final Ruin Of Thamugadi Which Ceased To Be Inhabited After The 8th Century. (Unesco Website)
Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex
Inscribed: 2021
2.71
20
3
Chankillo And Other Structures Of The Casma/Sechin Culture Were Partially Destroyed And Their Use Abandoned In An Apparent Conflict About 100 Bce. (Wiki)
Danube Limes
Danube Limes
Austria, Germany, Slovakia
Inscribed: 2021
2.05
261
6
"One Of The Most Significant Periods Of Crisis In The History Of The (...) Danube Limes Was The Time Of The Marcomannic Wars (166–180 Ad). Many Fortifications And Especially The Civilian Hinterland (...) Were Attacked, Raided Or Even Destroyed Several Times By Barbarian Tribes. Destruction Levels Have Been Identified On Many Sites In The Danube Limes Provinces." (Nomination Text, P. 99-100) Enns-Lauriacum (Id 14) Was Destroyed Several Times By Germanic Tribes (Juthungi, Alemanni) In The Third Century, But It Was The Passage Of The Huns In The Fifth Century That Meant The End Of The Settlement.
See De.Wikipedia.Org
Santiago de Compostela
Inscribed: 1985
3.54
299
7
"Taken And Laid Waste To In 997 By Al Mansour, The City Was Rebuilt During The 11th Century Around The Apostle's Tomb Which Had Gone Unviolated." (Ab Ev)
Roman Walls of Lugo
Inscribed: 2000
2.88
198
7
A Section Of The Wall Was Destroyed In 984, During The Siege Of The Town By Almanzor. (Nomination File, P. 75)
Belfries
Belfries
Belgium, France
Inscribed: 1999
2.96
555
17
The Belfry And City Hall Of Binche Were Burnt Down By The Troops Of The French King Henry Ii In 1554 When Taking The City. (Nomination File, P. 4) One Of The First Versions Of The Belfry Of Bergues Was Destroyed By The Invading Troops Of The French King Charles Vi In 1383. (Nomination File, P. 31)
Paseo del Prado and Buen Retiro
Inscribed: 2021
2.91
367
6
Most Of The Retiro Palace And Its Gardens Were Destroyed During The Peninsular War (1807–1814) When The Troops Of The First French Empire Built The Citadel Of Madrid In Its Grounds.
Cidade Velha
Cidade Velha
Cabo Verde
Inscribed: 2009
1.92
60
3
Ruínas Da Catedral Da Ribeira Grande De Santiago - Destroyed During "A Major Attack Carried Out By The French Privateer, Jacques Cassard, In 1712".
See Ipc.Cv