Holocene

Connected Sites: 57

The Holocene is a geological epoch which began at the end of the Pleistocene (at 11,700 calendar years BP) [2] and continues to the present. It has been identified with the current warm period, known as MIS 1 and based on that past evidence, can be considered an interglacial in the current ice age. (wiki)

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Connected Sites

Ilulissat Icefjord
Inscribed: 2004
4.12
45
5
Here The Seabed Has Been Pushed Up Into A Submarine Hill Several Hundred Meters High, Which Marks The Position Of The Glacier Front Approx. 9000 Years Ago
See Www.Ilulissaticefjord.Com
High Coast / Kvarken Archipelago
Inscribed: 2000
2.82
117
5
9,600 Years Ago The Landscape Has Risen Close To 500 M The Highest Parts Break The Surface Of The Water
See Www.Highcoast.Net
Pitons of Reunion
Inscribed: 2010
3.65
63
3
Le Piton De La Fournaise, Comme On Le Connaït Aujourd'hui, Date D'Environ 4 700 Ans. Cet Âge Correspond À L'Effondrement Majeur Qui A Donné Naissance À L'Enclos Fouqué En S'Accompagnant D'Explosions Cataclysmiques. (Wiki)
Srebarna Nature Reserve
Inscribed: 1983
1.37
91
7
"At The Beginning Of The Holocene About 11000 Bc Right After The So Called Flandrian Transgression The Riverbed Underwent Significnat Changes .......According To Palinological Research Lake Srebarna Has Been Formed About 8000 Years Ago"
Belize Barrier Reef
Inscribed: 1996
3.52
145
11
The Reef Was Created As Recently As 3000 Years Ago
See Ambergriscaye.Com
Surtsey
Surtsey
Iceland
Inscribed: 2008
2.72
50
9
14 November 1963
Sundarbans National Park
Inscribed: 1987
2.76
33
6
The Tract Of The Sundarbans Is Of Recent Origin, Raised By The Deposition Of Sediments Formed Due To Soil Erosion In The Himalayas. The Substratum Consists Mainly Of Quaternary Era Sediments, Sand And Silt Mixed With Marine Salt Deposits And Clay. Geologists Have Detected A Southeastern Slope And Tilting Of The Bengal Basin During The Tertiary. Because Of Neo-Tectonic Movements During The 10th-12th Century Ad, The Bengal Basin Titled Eastward. Evidence From Borehole Studies Indicate That While The Westernside Of The Sundarbans Is Relatively Stable, The Southeastern Corner Is An Active Sedimentary Area And Is Subsiding. (Link)
See Www.Portal.Gsi.Gov.In
The Sundarbans
The Sundarbans
Bangladesh
Inscribed: 1997
2.82
34
2
The Tract Of The Sundarbans Is Of Recent Origin, Raised By The Deposition Of Sediments Formed Due To Soil Erosion In The Himalayas. The Substratum Consists Mainly Of Quaternary Era Sediments, Sand And Silt Mixed With Marine Salt Deposits And Clay. Geologists Have Detected A Southeastern Slope And Tilting Of The Bengal Basin During The Tertiary. Because Of Neo-Tectonic Movements During The 10th-12th Century Ad, The Bengal Basin Titled Eastward. Evidence From Borehole Studies Indicate That While The Westernside Of The Sundarbans Is Relatively Stable, The Southeastern Corner Is An Active Sedimentary Area And Is Subsiding. (Link)
See Www.Portal.Gsi.Gov.In
Kaziranga National Park
Inscribed: 1985
3.56
28
3
What Kaziranga Is Today Was Perhaps Once The Main Channel Of The Red River Which Habitually Changed Its Course Over The Century Due To Earthquakes At Various Points Of Time....This Volatile Movement Of The River Is Surely Responsible For The Heavy Deposition Of Silt And The Simultaneous Formation Of Beels Of Various Lengths And Depths In This Area. The Landmasses Formed By The Heavy Deposition Of Silt In This Riverine Area Thus Gradually Stabilised With The Natural Growth Of Saccharum And Other Grass Species. The Swift And Unpredictable River Still Erodes A Large Portion Of The Land Mass, Particularly In Those Areas Where Bigger Trees Have Not Yet Sprung Up...This On-Going Process Of Erosion And Deposition Of Silt On The Northern Boundary Of The Park, Which Is The Brahmaputra River Itself.
Wadden Sea
Wadden Sea
Denmark, Germany, Netherlands
Inscribed: 2009
3.07
363
11
The Wadden Sea Has Evolved Over The Last 8,000 Years Being A Very Young Ecosystem In Geomorphological And Evolutionary Terms (Nom File)
Białowieża Forest
Białowieża Forest
Belarus, Poland
Inscribed: 1979
2.73
123
8
The Area Was Glaciated By The German-Polish Ice Sheet During The Pleistocene. The Forest Only Grew After The Last Ice Age. The Forest Area Dates Back To 8000 Bc
See Sites.Google.Com
Danube Delta
Inscribed: 1991
3.11
94
7
"The Modern Danube Delta Began Forming After 4,000 Bc In A Gulf Of The Black Sea, When The Sea Rose To Its Present Level. A Sandy Barrier Blocked The Danube Gulf Where The River Initially Built Its Delta. Upon Filling The Gulf With Sediments, The Delta Advanced Outside The Barrier-Blocked Estuary After 3,500 Bc Building Several Successive Lobes." (Wiki)
Primeval Beech Forests
Primeval Beech Forests
Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine
Inscribed: 2007
2.75
388
37
"Beech Reached Western And Eastern Carpathian Territory In An Epiatlantic Period 5.000 Years Ago." (Nomination File, 2007, Page 33) "Consecutively Initiated From South To North, Old Forest Habitats Have Been Undergoing A Development Into Extremely Differentiated Beech Forest Landscapes For Some 6,000 Years." (Nomination File, Extension 2011, Page 11)
Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve
Inscribed: 2008
3.89
93
8
It Is Thought That Monarchs Were Originally Tropical Butterflies That Underwent Range Expansion. Scientists Are Not Sure How Long The Monarch's Spectacular Annual Migration To Mexico Has Been Occurring; It May Be As Old As 10,000 Years (When The Glaciers Last Retreated From North America) Or As Young As A Few Centuries
See Www.Monarchlab.Org
Ha Long Bay – Cat Ba Archipelago
Inscribed: 1994
3.89
341
17
Early Holocene: Rainwater Flowed Into Crevices In The Limestone That Had Formed From Tectonic Activity. This Steady Erosion Constantly Widened The Cracks, Eventually Creating Today's Formations. (Wiki)
See En.Wikipedia.Org
Glacier parks
Glacier parks
Canada, United States of America
Inscribed: 1979
4.08
150
5
Geologists Believe That Glacier Bay Existed During A Minimum Of Four Glacial Periods Ending With The Little Ice Age, Which Has A 4,000 Years Old Record, As The Latest Period. All Glaciers In The Park Today Are Said To Be Remnants Of This Glacial Period. (Wiki)
Coiba National Park
Inscribed: 2005
2.86
24
2
Coiba Island And The Smaller Islands In The Gulf Of Chiriquí Are Known As Landbridge Islands, Meaning That They Were Last Connected To The Mainland During The End Of The Pleistocene, Approximately 12,000 Years Ago. With A Direct Connection To Tierra Firme, They Shared A Common Flora And Fauna With The Continent, But Since Their Separation, New Ecological And Biological Processes Have Resulted In The Readjustment Of The Flora And Fauna (Nom File)
Lagoons of New Caledonia
Inscribed: 2008
3.53
39
2
Process Of Reef Formation Started In The Pleistocene, Lagoons Of Today Became Water-Filled During The Holocene.
See Www.Google.Co.Uk
Los Glaciares
Los Glaciares
Argentina
Inscribed: 1981
4.35
148
6
Lago Argentino... Ist Der Grösste See In Argentinien Und Über 15.000 Jahre Alt. (Wiki)
Shark Bay
Shark Bay
Australia
Inscribed: 1991
3.58
54
2
Later, A Rise In Sea Levels During The Holocene Epoch (The Most Recent 10,000 Years) Flooded The Region And Created Shark Bay's Unique Double-Basin Form.
See Sharkbay.Org
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park
Inscribed: 2000
2.94
3
1
Pollen And Charcoal Records From Two Large, Shallow Lakes Reveal That Throughout Most Of The Past 50,000 Yr Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, In Northeastern Lowland Bolivia (Southwestern Amazon Basin), Was Predominantly Covered By Savannas And Seasonally Dry Semideciduous Forests.
See Www.Sciencedirect.Com
Huanglong
Inscribed: 1992
3.85
71
4
The Travertine In Huanglong Has Lasted For Thousands Of Decades On Account Of The Karst Geologic Effect.
See Proceedings.Spiedigitallibrary.Org
Keoladeo National Park
Inscribed: 1985
2.78
111
4
The Unique Habitat Is The Result Of The Ajan Bund Built In The 18th Century.
Desembarco del Granma National Park
Inscribed: 1999
2.89
29
4
Desembarco Del Granma National Park, With Its Uplifted Marine Terraces And Associated Ongoing Development Of Karst Topography And Features, Represents A Globally Significant Example Of Geomorphologic And Physiographic Features And Ongoing Geological Processes. (Unesco)
Tikal National Park
Inscribed: 1979
4.46
220
6
The Mesoamerican Tropical Rainforest Evolved After The Last Glaciation In The Late Pleistocene.
See Sciencedirect.Com
Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve
Inscribed: 1982
3.14
8
4
The Mesoamerican Tropical Rainforest Evolved After The Last Glaciation In The Late Pleistocene.
See Sciencedirect.Com
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Inscribed: 1985
2.21
16
3
The Course Of The Manas River Formed In The Holocene And Continued To Change As Late As The 20th Century.
See En.Wikipedia.Org
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers
Inscribed: 1988
3.15
11
2
The Valley Of Flowers Has Its Own Microclimate That Was Made Posible Only After The End Of The Ice Age In The Himalayas
Ujung Kulon National Park
Inscribed: 1991
3.49
34
7
The Explosion Of Nearby Krakatau In 1883 Produced A Tsunami (Giant Wave) That Eliminated The Villages And Crops Of The Coastal Areas On The Western Peninsula, And Covered The Entire Area In A Layer Of Ash Averaging 30 Cm Thick. This Caused The Total Evacuation Of The Peninsula By Humans, Thereby Allowing It To Become A Repository For Much Of Java's Flora And Fauna, And Most Of The Remaining Lowland Forest On The Island. (Wiki)
Shirakami-Sanchi
Inscribed: 1993
3.09
37
10
Having Escaped Glaciation And Established Itself Over 8,000 Years Ago...
See Www.Eoearth.Org
Chitwan National Park
Inscribed: 1984
3.29
112
10
The Himalayan Subtropical Broadleaf Forest Was Made Possible Only After The End Of The Ice Age In The Himalayas.
Tubbataha Reefs
Tubbataha Reefs
Philippines
Inscribed: 1993
3.06
14
5
It Is Believed That The Atolls Of Tubbataha Began To Form Thousands Of Years Ago As Fringing Reefs Around Volcanic Islands.
See Tubbatahareef.Org
Okavango Delta
Inscribed: 2014
4.15
110
4
During The Holocene Both Lakes Dried Up Gradually
Everglades
Everglades
United States of America
Inscribed: 1979
3.67
353
15
"Only About 5000 Years Ago Did South Florida's Climate Take On Its Current Sub-Tropical And Monsoonal Character Of Dry Winters Followed By Hot Moist Summers With Large Amounts Of Rain (On Average 50-60 Inches Per Year"
See Www.Everglades.Org
Olympic National Park
Olympic National Park
United States of America
Inscribed: 1981
3.86
190
8
The Np Is Almost Entirely A "Post Glacial" Creation " During The Last Ice Age, Continental Glaciers Surrounded The Park On All But Its West Side, With Layers Of Ice Up To 3,500 Feet Thick. This Scouring By The Continental Glaciers Created A Noticeably Sharp Rise From Sea Level On The Flanks Of The Mountains On The East And North Edges Of The Park. At The Same Time, Today's River Valleys Were Choked With Floes Of Ice From Alpine Glaciers, The Remnants Of Which Dot The Park's Mountains Today"
See Olympicnationalparkvisitor.Info
Yosemite National Park
Yosemite National Park
United States of America
Inscribed: 1984
4.30
382
12
Yosemite As Seen Today Is Primarily A "Post Glacial" Creation. "When The Last Glacier Finally Melted Approximately 10,000 Years Ago, Rock Debris Dammed The Valley And Created Lake Yosemite. Tributary Creeks Plummeted Off Sheer Cliffs And Gave Birth To The Park's Famed Waterfalls. Sediment Continued To Fill The Lake Through Natural Processes Until It Eventually Formed The Yosemite Valley Floor."
See Www.Yosemitepark.Com
Banc d'Arguin
Banc d'Arguin
Mauritania
Inscribed: 1989
2.32
18
2
Formed First By A "Marine Transgresion" From Sea Rise Following The Last Ice Age Which "Invaded" The Shore Line And Was Then Followed By An Ongoing Process Of Tidal And Wind Sand Deposition. See
See Www.Academia.Edu
Djoudj
Djoudj
Senegal
Inscribed: 1981
2.92
35
4
A Wetland Area Of Lakes, Ponds And Bayous Situated Within The Senegal River Delta, Which Has Developed Across The Holocene Period Following A "Marine Transgression" Around 5500bp Which Created A Large Bay, Subsequently Filled By Sediment Brought Down By The River. See Section 2.1 And Map Of Changing Shoreline Here -
See Portals.Iucn.Org
Sanganeb
Inscribed: 2016
3.32
5
1
The Coral Reefs We See Along The Red Sea Today Are Primarily Holocene
Western Tien-Shan
Western Tien-Shan
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
Inscribed: 2016
2.56
67
4
The Tienshan Mountains Were Uplifted, Folded, Metamorposed Etc In The Paleozoic Era (540-250mybp). But, From 25mybp, Faulting And Sedimentation Changed The Landscape. Then Finally The Entire Area Was Glaciated During The Late Pleistocene And Holocene. So What We See Today Is A Largely (But Of Course Not Completely) "Post Glacial" Holocene Landscape
iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Inscribed: 1999
3.38
74
4
See "Formation Of Lake St Lucia" On Page 3 Of The Linked Pdf.
See Www.Globalnature.Org
Uvs Nuur Basin
Uvs Nuur Basin
Mongolia, Russia
Inscribed: 2003
2.69
9
0
During The Holocene, The Current Ecological "Mix" Was Created.
See Www.Worldheritagesite.Org
Ennedi Massif
Inscribed: 2016
4.06
8
2
Originated In What Is Called The Neolithic Subpluvial Or Holocene Wet Phase (Wiki Nl)
Ahwar of Southern Iraq
Inscribed: 2016
2.98
28
4
The Natural Components ... As We Know Them Today Were Formed 3000 Years Ago. (Nom File)
Pimachiowin Aki
Inscribed: 2018
2.90
4
2
The Canadian Shield Of Which This Is A Part Was Totally Glaciated In The Last Period. Everything "Natural" Now Present In The Inscribed Ecosystem Must Have "Arrived" Since Then
Vatnajökull National Park
Inscribed: 2019
4.14
211
7
Vatnajökull Glacier Was Formed Ca. 2500 Years Ago
Migratory Bird Sanctuaries China
Inscribed: 2019
2.54
22
4
The Yellow Sea Itself Is Shallow And Relatively Recently Formed & Bird Migration Is Relatively Recent Too
See Www.Worldheritagesite.Org
Getbol, Korean Tidal Flats
Inscribed: 2021
2.71
43
6
For The Migratory Birds
See Www.Worldheritagesite.Org
Ivindo National Park
Inscribed: 2021
3.88
1
0
"There Is Strong Evidence That Forest Cover Was Reduced During The Last Ice Age, Lasting From 1.6 Million To 10,000 Years Ago. While Forested Areas In The Congo River Basin Are Known To Have Persisted In Some Areas Called Refugia..........About 10,000 Years Ago, As The Last Ice Age Ended, Glaciers Receded And Rainfall Increased. The Changing Climate Allowed Savannas To Be Reclaimed By Trees, And The Forest Grew To Reach Its Current Size."
See Www.Wwf-Congobasin.Org
Lopé-Okanda
Inscribed: 2007
1.95
11
1
Kaeng Krachan Forest
Inscribed: 2021
2.71
27
4
The Post-Glacial, Holocene Climate Has Created Both The Flora/Fauna Mix And The Landscape.
See Issuu.Com
Dong Phayayen
Inscribed: 2005
2.84
107
8
The Post-Glacial, Holocene Climate Has Created Both The Flora/Fauna Mix And The Landscape.
Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng
Inscribed: 1991
2.64
29
7
The Post-Glacial, Holocene Climate Has Created Both The Flora/Fauna Mix And The Landscape.
Dja Faunal Reserve
Inscribed: 1987
2.53
1
0
"There Is Strong Evidence That Forest Cover Was Reduced During The Last Ice Age, Lasting From 1.6 Million To 10,000 Years Ago. While Forested Areas In The Congo River Basin Are Known To Have Persisted In Some Areas Called Refugia..........About 10,000 Years Ago, As The Last Ice Age Ended, Glaciers Receded And Rainfall Increased. The Changing Climate Allowed Savannas To Be Reclaimed By Trees, And The Forest Grew To Reach Its Current Size."
See Www.Wwf-Congobasin.Org
Cerrado Protected Areas
Inscribed: 2001
3.22
31
5
Much Cerrado Vegetation Developed In Prototype During The Cretaceous. Subsequently The Area It Covered Extended And Retracted Particularly In Exchange With Amazonian Biota Without Significant Underlying Geological Change. A Peak Of Biodiversity Was Reached By The Pleistocene. Climatic Changes And Human Activity (Particularly Hunting And Fire) Altered This Considerably Particularly Via The Loss Of Much Of The Megafauna. As A Result Today's Preserved Areas Are Significantly Holocene.
Tugay forests
Tugay forests
Tajikistan
Inscribed: 2023
0.38
3
1
The Flow Country
The Flow Country
United Kingdom
Inscribed: 2024
2.03
42
3
"The Flow Country's Bogs Have Been Growing For Over 10,000 Years, Ever Since The Glaciers Melted Away At The End Of The Last Ice Age, And The Peat Is Now Up To 10 Metres Deep" (Official Website)
See Theflowcountry.Org.Uk