China

Potala Palace

WHS Score 4.14 Votes 37 Average 4.53

The Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa, represents the apogee of Tibetan architecture and the combination of religious and secular authority.

The Ensemble includes the Potala Palace and the Norbulingka Summer Palace, which were the administrative, religious and symbolic centers of Tibet's theocratic government for many centuries, and the Jokhang Temple, the most sacred in Tibetan Buddhism. The Potala and Jokhang date back to the 7th century CE.

Community Perspective: The Potala is one of the world’s great iconic sites and nearby Jokhang Temple is also worthwhile for its religious activity. The site is also inextricably linked to the oppression of Tibetan culture by the Chinese, and most of the earlier reviews reflect that.

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Site Info

Official Information
Full Name
Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (ID: 707)
Country
China
Status
Inscribed 1994 Site history
History of Potala Palace
WHS Type
Cultural
Criteria
  • i
  • iv
  • vi
Links
UNESCO
whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
Related Resources
News Article
  • May 8, 2020 xinhuanet.com — Tibet to invest 40 mln yuan to protect world heritage temple
  • July 23, 2019 global.chinadaily.com.cn — Tibet making ticket reservations more efficient
  • Dec. 19, 2018 daijiworld.com — Heavy snow forces Lhasa's Potala Palace to shut doors
  • Feb. 17, 2018 sputniknews.com — Fire erupts at Jokhang temple
  • Jan. 31, 2018 xinhuanet.com — Potala Palace to open free of charge for 3 months
  • Oct. 29, 2016 news.xinhuanet.com — Potala Palace gets annual whitewash
  • Sept. 8, 2015 news.xinhuanet.com — New measures to preserve Potala Palace, limiting the number of visitors to 5,000 a day.
  • July 2, 2013 foxnews.com — Contested renovation around Jokhang complete
  • Aug. 24, 2009 google.com — Seven-year renovation of Tibet's Potala Palace complete

Community Information

  • Community Category
  • Religious structure: Buddhist
Travel Information
Reservation required
Reservation required
Entering the Potala Palace requires a prior reservation, in person, …
Recent Connections
View all (33) .
Connections of Potala Palace
Individual People
  • Elias Burton Holmes
  • Ekai Kawaguchi
    First reached Lhasa in 1901 from Darjeeling. Is said to have had an audience with the 13th Dalai Lama Thubten Gyatso (1875-1933). He stayed 2 years in Tibet including a period at Sera Monastery (not inscribed) - but eventually had to flee back to Darjeeling.
  • William Moorcroft
    Moorcroft is recorded as having died in Andkhoy (Afghan Turkestan) on 27 Aug 1825 of a fever....his companion surviving by only a few days. However, the French missionary traveller Abbé Evariste Régis Huc claimed in his book "Travels in Tartary, Thibet, and China During the Years 1844-5-6" that Moorcroft had in fact later reached Lhasa and lived there for 12 years!! (statement by the Governor of Karchi - "Maps are feared in this country—extremely feared, indeed; especially since the affair of a certain Englishman named Moorcroft, who introduced himself into Lha-Ssa, under the pretence of being a Cashmerian. After a sojourn there of twelve years, he departed; but he was murdered on his way to Ladak. Amongst his effects they found a numerous collection of maps and plans, which he had drawn during his stay at Lha-Ssa."). This is not thought to have been the case but continues to this day in the form of "The Moorcroft Mystery"

    See pahar.in

Geography
Trivia
History
  • Silk Roads
    (Near) Southern Land Route; "Lhasa attracted merchant caravans from across Central Asia with whom the Lhasa Newars (from the Kathmandu Valley) engaged in trade" (wiki)

    See en.wikipedia.org

  • Forbidden City
    Lhasa is known as the Forbidden City for its former inaccessibility and hostility to strangers
  • Anglo Chinese Relations
    Tibet was invaded by a British expedition under Colonel Younghusband in 1905 (primarily to counter Russian activity in the area since there were rumours that the Chinese govenrnment, which nominally ruled Tibet, intended giving it to Russia) and the Dalai Lama was forced to sign the Anglo-Tibetan Agreement in his apartments in the Potala Palace. Although China per se had not been involved it considered the invasion of one if its "client states" as humiliating. This led in 1906 to the signing of an an Anglo-Chinese Convention by which the British agreed "not to annex Tibetan territory or to interfere in the administration of Tibet", while China engaged "not to permit any other foreign state to interfere with the territory or internal administration of Tibet"

    See query.nytimes.com

  • Located in a Former Capital
    Tibetan Empire
  • Women Explorers
    Reached by Alexandra David-Néel in 1924 when it was still "forbidden" -"The First western woman to enter Tibet". Spent 2 months there and "visited the monasteries"

    See en.wikipedia.org

Architecture
Damaged
World Heritage Process
Religion and Belief
Human Activity
Constructions
  • Tombs
    "In the Potala Palace, there are eight stupa-tomb chapels (where the relics of the Fifth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and the Thirteenth Dalai Lamas are preserved."

    See www.tibettravel.info

  • Thrones
    Dalai Lama's throne

    See en.wikipedia.org

WHS on Other Lists
Timeline
  • Built in the 7th century
    "The Potala Palace, winter palace of the Dalai Lama since the 7th century, symbolizes Tibetan Buddhism and its central role in the traditional administration of Tibet. Also founded in the 7th century, the Jokhang Temple Monastery is an exceptional Buddhist religious complex." - Nomination File
Visiting conditions
18
News
xinhuanet.com 05/08/2020
Tibet to invest 40 mln yuan to pro…
global.chinadaily.com.cn 07/23/2019
Tibet making ticket reservations m…
daijiworld.com 12/19/2018
Heavy snow forces Lhasa's Potala P…
Recent Visitors
Reserved for members.

Community Reviews

Show full reviews
First published: 29/09/17.

Michael Novins

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Michael Novins

I visited Lhasa and the Potala Palace in August 2017. The Potola Palace was the residence of the Dalai Lama from the 17th century until the current Dalai Lama fled to India during the 1959 Tibetan uprising. During the Cultural Revolution, Tibet's monasteries were destroyed with dynamite and artillery and rare books and paintings were burned. By the end of the Cultural Revolution, nearly all of Tibet's 6,000 religious monasteries, temples and shrines had been looted, damaged or destroyed. Yet, Zhou Enlai, China's then Premier, personally intervened to ensure that the Potola Palace was not destroyed. I also visited Norbulingka, the traditional summer residence of successive Dalai Lamas from the 18th century until the current Dalai Lama exiled in 1959, and Chagpo Ri Rock Carvings, where more than 5,000 painted rock carvings of Buddhist images have been created over a millennium. I stayed at House of Shambhala in Lhasa's old town (http://www.shambhalaserai.com/html/House-of-shambhala-1.html), and my favorite meal was yak steak at Tibet Steak House. While I prefer to travel independently, western tourists are required to make Tibetan arrangements through a tour operator. I worked with Explore Tibet (http://www.exploretibet.com), and while Tibetan travel is more than twice as expensive as it would be if tourists were permitted to travel independently, my guide performed one valuable service in that he waited more than four hours to procure a ticket to visit the Potola Palace, where the interior rivals the magnificence of the exterior.

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First published: 20/12/15.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

Yes I visited Lhasa and the Potala With two friends in 2007. It was a powerful experience to finally stand and gaze up at one of the most impressive and spiritual buildings in the world. I asked where we could see the Tibetan flag and was told to ask in Nepal when we got there. The fountains were fun but the Chinese flag lowering ceremony and marching army band were not. I remember Tibet and it's people as incredibly beautiful but am very sad at what had and is happening to them.

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First published: 16/11/10.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Anonymous WHS Traveller

Visited the Palace as a side trip. Since individual travel is not permitted to the autonomous region, I was lucky to be part of an official delegation. Either that, or I join a tour group - which is usually overpriced.

Impressive! The Palace has preserved the best treasures. Personally, the best "museum" I've seen in China.

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First published: 25/09/07.

Els Slots

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

On my first morning in Lhasa I joined the early Jokhang kora, the clockwise circuit of the temple. The pilgrims hold a brisk walking pace, however they take their time to take a look at a good piece of cloth on sale. Inside the Jokhang the pilgrims and the tourists are split - the pilgrims have to queue but can take the walk closest to the statues and paintings. The interior is not an experience for the claustrophobic, it's crowded, smelly and dark. From the roof, there are good views of the Potala and the surrounding Tibetan quarters.

The Potala itself is the landmark of Lhasa and draws your look every time - and it can be seen from all over the city. I didn't get in, as tickets are hard to come by these days. I did walk a kora here too.

The Norbulingka grounds, about 2 km west of the Potala, are a pleasure to walk in. I felt like the only visitor and got scared a few times by fierce dogs that patrol areas visitors aren't supposed to come. The residences and other buildings here look comfortable.

Impressive as this site is, after visiting I felt that the designated area mainly represents a dead culture, the nomination dossier pointing out 'Tibetan architecture' and 'theocratic government'. But it still is a very lively religious site also. And with that comes that sites dedicated to Tibetan Buddhism are already underrepresented on the WH list (I can …

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First published: 26/02/06.

Solivagant

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Solivagant

Tourist visits to Tibet have always been subject to the vagaries of the political climate both in terms of whether they were possible at all and in terms of what the atmosphere was like when one got there. Our visit in August 1994 coincided with a relative thaw for those days and was doubly lucky in that the first phase of restoration of the Potala finished in that month and this magnificent building was open for visitors. I remember that we had been warned about carrying/giving photos of the Dalai Lama – but there actually seemed to be plenty around even for sale in Barkhor St. The restoration was followed in Dec 1994 by the inscription of the Potala on the WHS list so perhaps the Chinese government was using “kid gloves”.

In any case the Potala is one of the world’s great iconic sites, should figure in every traveller’s “to see” list and justifies significant effort/spend to move it to your “seen list”!! It isn’t the “last word” in Buddhist monasteries – there are others in Tibet and in Ladakh which enable you to get “closer” to the monks and their rituals. Also, to a non Buddhist, a lot of what you will see is incomprehensible or inaccessible (even with a guide) – and perhaps even to many Buddhists if they are not followers of a Tantric school. But to anyone, the chance to see the obvious piety and joy of the believers visiting the Potala and its associated …

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First published: 01/05/05.

Zack Culvert

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

I just took the train trip from Qinghai to Lhasa. Due to the influx of tourists from this new train service, the visiting hours to Potala Palace is now only one hour, although they increased the daily inflow from 1,000 to 3,000 people so everyone can get a chance to see inside. The result is a rush through the palace, with barely sufficient time to take in the art and monuments. The tickets are officially 100 RMB (US$14), but scalpers ask for up to US$100. So plan carefully with your travel agent.

One politically incorrect comment: While we see the current 14th Dalai Lama as a wise, benevolent, sagacious leader, the theocracy that ruled Tibet over the last 400 years were no angels. A system of absolute power over every phase of people's lives in a almost hermitically sealed region, with no checks and balances always lead to abuse of power. Look at what happened in the Catholic Church over history...men are men.

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First published: 01/05/05.

Werner Huber

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

It was a long awaited wish of mine to see the Potala palace in person and after several years of trying it came true in May 2007. It really is a breathtaking view and despite all the attempts of the Chinese government to profane it the Potala spreads out an overwhelming aura of spirituality. The neverending stream of pilgrims circulating round it underlines this spirituality.

Late in the evening when the sky is dark and the Potala is lit by spotlights, they have a set of color-lit fountains on the huge square opposite the Potala to which they play classic evergreens such as the "Blue Danube Waltz" or the "Hungarian Rhapsody" loud but in poor quality. The whole scenery is then quite bizarre, a bit like one would imagine a Potala Hotel in Las Vegas. But even that couldn't take away the Potalas dignity.

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First published: 01/05/05.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

I find it interesting that Jokhang is listed as a World Heritage site. While Jokhang is very significant, the present one in Lhasa is rebuilt. Original Jokhang or Tsuglakhang was almost completely destroyed by the Chinese invasion and during the Cultural Revolution. The complex was rebuilt in the 80s to the current state.

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First published: 01/05/05.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

Potala Palace is a beautiful sight, and I cannot imagine a better form of retribution against the current Chinese government than a thriving Tibetan culture and well-preserved Tibetan architecture, culture, and religion in modern day Tibet.

The next part of my review is a response to Kim Appleby's post (above):

It is true that the Tibetan culture and people have been long oppressed and persecuted by the Chinese. But it is incorrect to solely present Tibetan people as long-suffering martyrs mericilessly oppressed by the Chinese. It is always incorrect to represent people as purely good or evil, especially people from cultures different from our own. Though their numbers may be small, there are unscrupulous Tibetans who have embrace capitalist opportunism in the thriving tourism industry. There are also Chinese soldiers who may sympathize with Tibetans and feel that their peers behave in a despicable manner. When we render people in black and white, we run the risk of losing objectivity in our assessment of people. It is especially easy to lose objectivity when dealing cultures different from our own. China and Tibet are each enshrouded in so much mysticism and mystery in the Western imagination.

Though the Chinese army has committed countless atrocities against Tibetans, one can't believe that most soldiers of the Chinese army are socially cognizant, educated individuals who have made a careful decision to persecute Tibetans. Many of the soldiers in China's army are recruited from the countryside. Most of these men have barely a grade school …

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First published: 01/05/05.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

There is a lot of modern mythology surrounding Tibet in the outside world (outside of Asia especially). I found 'Demystifing Tibet' to be a good and frank introduction to the ineptness of the Tibetan government in response to change, and why and how China has interfered frequently to alter Tibet's behaviour to its own advantage. China behaves like a superpower to its satellite nations. It is however the Cultural Revolution that devastated China and Tibet beyond recognition. Traditional Chinese culture survives in the satellite Chinese societies of Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore and Southeast Asia. We returning Chinese find the mainlanders so alien to us, so empty and soulless.

I live in Shanghai now, and it seems like Tibet is having their revenge. The current material prosperity has manifested deep spiritual emptiness among the Chinese. I regularly see lamas from Tibet, Kham, Amdo being sponsored to rebuild their destroyed monasteries by the newly rich Chinese, who turn to them to pray for their own merit and salvation. This relationship is not very different from that during the imperial times, where Tibetan monasteries received Qing imperial patronage. Same deal here. What I find sad is more the lay Tibetan farmers, nomands having no access to education which might actually give them a fighting chance with the more wiley, business minded Chinese. Tibetan theocracy was not very kind to Tibetans, if you actually are honest with yourself and do your research. Chinese materialism coupled with the rise of the monasteries again is …

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First published: 01/05/05.

Anonymous

Potala Palace

Potala Palace (Inscribed)

Potala Palace by Els Slots

I was in Tibet for about a month in Sept 1989. I travelled overland from Kathmandu to Lhasa. It was a difficult journey. Land slides had wiped out portions of the road on the Nepali side of the border, and it could only be travelled by foot. The overland route was barren and lodging and food primitive at best. We stayed overnight at chinese army posts some nights. Many in my group were very sick from altitude. When we finally arrived in Lhasa, it seemed like civilization, even though it is one of the most isolated cities in the world.

I have many memories of the Jokhang. My travelling partner and I befriended a monk there and shared yak butter tea...of which I have many fond, and not so fond, digestive memories. (if you drank it too fast, your cup was quickly refilled...if you drank it too slowly, the butter congealed, and it was like cool grease....I actually liked the initial taste of the stuff, but a bit went a long way. The Tibetans drink huge quantities whereas I found a few sips my digestive quota. I could go on and write and write...how we were invited to share a festival at the Jokhang..I am trying to remember, I think it lasted 3 or 4 days...It was the first time the Chinese government had allowed them to celebrate this occasion in many years, and the monks were very excited. I have pictures of the tsampa and yak butter sculptures they …

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