Hisham's Palace/ Khirbet al-Mafjar

The Umayyad dynasty was the 2nd Islamic dynasty, ruling from 661 to 750 AD. The dynasty was centred in Damascus, Syria, rather than Arabia. The Umayyad caliphs expanded their power throughout the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Europe and Asia, becoming one of the most significant empires of their time. Hisham (724 to 743 AD) was one of the last Umayyad caliphs, and his reign saw the commissioning of some of the most impressive examples of Umayyad art and engineering, including Hisham's Palace in Jericho.

Hisham's Palace in Jericho is believed to have been a winter residence and features intricate mosaics, sophisticated hydraulic systems, and decorative frescoes. The palace was rediscovered by archaeologists in the early 20th century and has since undergone restoration, providing valuable insights into Umayyad culture. Today, the palace is open to visitors who can explore the ruins and appreciate the grandeur of Umayyad art and architecture.

One of the most remarkable features of Hisham's Palace is the "Tree of Life" mosaic, which is a symbol of spiritual growth and a testament to the cultural legacy of the Umayyad empire. The mosaic depicts a large tree with blooming flowers and birds perched on its branches, creating a stunning display of color and pattern. The other notable structure is a large stone rosette with a circular carving and intricate geometric and floral motifs. It is believed to be an authentic Umayyad-era element and is considered a significant example of Islamic art and architecture, symbolizing …